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維也納愛樂管弦樂團傳奇錄音（64CD）

"演出者 維也納愛樂管弦樂團

阿巴多、伯恩斯坦、鮑斯考夫斯基、貝姆、卡拉楊、克爾提斯、哈察都量、克納普茲布許、克勞斯、庫貝力克、蒙都、慕辛格、萊納、史坦、蕭提、塞爾、華爾特、顧爾達、巴克豪斯、柯爾榮、席夫、阿胥肯納吉 等

Wiener Philharmoniker

-Conductors including: Abbado, Bernstein, Boskovsky, Boult, Bohm, Chailly, Dohnanyi, Dorati, Haitink, Karajan, Kertesz, Kondrashin, Khachaturian, Kleiber, Knappertsbusch, Krauss, Krips, Kubelik, Maazel, Mehta, Monteux , Munchinger, Reiner, Schmidt-Isserstedt, Schuricht, Stein, Solti, Szell, Walter

-Pianists: Gulda, Backhaus, Curzon, Ashkenazy, Schiff

本集精介 為了慶賀維也納愛樂與笛卡唱片合作錄音64年，特別推出這套包含64張CD的限量精裝專輯。專輯內附兩百頁的英、德、日文解說，含五篇專文，以五個不同的角度來介紹維也納愛樂與笛卡的合作關係：由鑽研維也納愛樂的檔案歷史專家Dr. Silvia Kargl述說維也納愛樂無與倫比的傳統，DECCA的製作人Christopher Raeburn、Erik Smith、John Culshaw分別由錄音工程、製作與執行的角度來探討，而DECCA的高層主管Paul Moseley與Raymond McGill則共同以現代觀點來撰寫。另外還附有原始的專輯封面，檔案照片、合約與往來信件等等。

維也納愛樂管弦樂團（Wiener Philharmoniker, 1843 - ）為歐洲三大樂團之一，其成立源起於1842年3月28日的一場演奏會。當時由一群宮廷歌劇院的演奏家共同組成的樂團，在音樂會上大受好評，因此到了第二年的演出之後，遂有「愛樂」之名的誕生。1860年、由戴索夫（Otto Dessoff）所倡導的募款活動為這個樂團帶來了固定的經費；十年後，維也納愛樂終於有了一個屬於自己的家—維也納愛樂廳。

1875年起，經歷李希特（Hans Richter）、馬勒（Gustav Mahler）等著名音樂指揮家的薰陶，樂團在1922年由當時樂團指揮，也是一代大師溫加納（Felix von Weingartner）首度率樂團作世界巡演，奠定其不朽聲譽。到福特萬格勒（Wilhelm Furtwangler）擔任指揮期間，更吸引了許多著名的指揮家與樂團合作。在他們的帶領下，即使在戰時整個社會經濟狀況不佳，依然能維持樂團的正常運作不致解散。1947年的第一屆愛丁堡音樂節，與指揮家華爾特（Bruno Walter）的合作頗受好評，亦將樂團帶入第二個黃金年代。世界大戰之後，樂團陸續與多位頂尖指揮大師合作，包括克勞茲、克那普茲布許、貝姆、卡拉揚、塞爾、克倫培勒、蕭提與伯恩斯坦等名家；其中尤以貝姆與樂團近半世紀的合作關係最為特別。由於雙方良好的合作關係，貝姆因而榮膺維也納愛樂榮譽指揮。

時至今日，年輕一代的指揮家，如阿胥肯納吉、夏伊、梅塔、杜南尼、海汀克，阿巴多、馬捷爾、普烈文與克萊柏等也都曾與維也納愛樂合作，名家與名團的演出，更一直是樂迷的最愛。

這套專輯詳實地記錄維也納愛樂與笛卡唱片合作超過一甲子的點滴，這不僅關乎世界著名的演奏場館，也關乎古典音樂錄音之藝術，因為少有唱片公司能與維也納愛樂如此緊密配合。若少了兩者的合作，古典音樂的錄音史將不再完美。長期擔任笛卡製作人的克里斯多夫．盧本（Christopher Raeburn）為這套精彩絕倫的專輯寫下如此總結：「在維也納，音樂的演奏與詮釋有其一定的傳統，維也納愛樂的演出可為典範，而與笛卡的合作，則大量地保存如此優良品質。」

曲目 CD 1

Joseph Haydn

[1]-[4] Symphony No.94 in G major ""Suprise""

[5]-[8] Symphony No.101 in D major ""The Clock""

[9]-[12] Symphony No.104 in D major ""London""*

Pierre Monteux

Herbert von Karajan*

CD 2 & 3

Joseph Haydn

[1]-[6] Missa brevis Sancti Joannis de Deo*

[7]-[15] Die Schopfung Part I

[1]-[7] Die Schopfung Part II

[8]-[12] Die Schopfung Part III

Erna Spoorenberg soprano (Eva)

Elly Ameling soprano (Gabriel)

Werner Krenn tenor (Uriel)

Tom Krause baritone (Raphael)

Robin Fairhurst bass (Adam)

Peter Planyavsky organ*

Wiener Staatsopernchor

Chorus master: Wilhelm Pitz

Karl Munchinger

CD 4

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto No.15 in B flat major, K450

[4]-[7] Symphony No. 36 in C major, K425 ""Linz""

Leonard Bernstein soloist and conductor

CD 5

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto No.23 in A major, K488

[4]-[6] Piano Concerto No. 27 in B flat major, K595

Clifford Curzon piano

George Szell

CD 6

Wolfang Amadeus Mozart

[1]-[3] Clarinet Concerto in A major, K622

[4]-[6] Flute and Harp Concerto in C major, K299

[7]-[10] Symphony No.40 in G minor, K550*

Alfred Prinz clarinet

Werner Tripp flute

Hubert Jellinek harp

Karl Munchinger

Herbert von Karajan*

CD 7

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

[1] - [18] Requiem, K626

Arleen Auger soprano

Cecilia Bartoli mezzo-soprano

Vinson Cole tenor

Rene Pape bass

Konzertvereinigung Wiener Staatsopernchor

Chorus director: Peter Burian

Sir Georg Solti

CD 8

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4] Symphony No.1 in C major, op.21

[5]-[9] Symphony No.6 in F major, op.68 ""Pastoral""

Pierre Monteux

CD 9

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4] Symphony No.2 in D major, op.36

[5]-[8] Symphony No.4 in B flat major, op.60

Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt

CD 10

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4] Symphony No.3 in E flat major, op.55 ""Eroica""

[5] Leonora Overture No.2, op.72a*

[6] Leonora Overture No.3, op.72b*

[7] Fidelio Overture, op.72*

Erich Kleiber

Clemens Krauss*

CD 11

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4] Symphony No.5 in C minor, op.67

[5]-[8] Symphony No.7 in A major, op.92

Sir Georg Solti

CD 12

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4] Symphony No.8 in F major, op.93

Anton Bruckner

[5]-[8] Symphony No.1 in C minor (Linz version, 1866)

Claudio Abbado

CD 13

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4]Symphony No. 9 in D minor, op.125

Joan Sutherland soprano

Marilyn Horne contralto

James King tenor

Martti Talvela bass

Wiener Staatsopernchor

Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt

CD 14

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, op.21

Johannes Brahms

[4]-[6] Piano Concerto No.1 in D minor, op.15*

Friedrich Gulda piano

Wilhelm Backhaus* piano

Karl Bohm

CD 15

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto No. 2 in B flat major, op.19

Johannes Brahms

[4]-[7] Piano Concerto No. 2 in B flat major, op.83*

Vladimir Ashkenazy piano

Zubin Mehta

Bernard Haitink*

CD 16

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto No.3 in C minor, op.37

[4]-[6] Piano Concerto No.4 in G major, op.58

Friedrich Gulda piano

Horst Stein

CD 17

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto No.5 in E flat major, op.73 ""Emperor""

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

[4]-[6] Piano Concerto No.1 in B flat minor, op.23*

Clifford Curzon piano

Hans Knappertsbusch

Sir Georg Solti* CD 18

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[4] String Quartet in F minor, op.95 (arr. for string orchestra by Mahler)

Johannes Brahms

[5]-[8] Piano Quartet in G minor, op.25 (orch. Schoenberg)

Christoph von Dohnanyi

CD 19

Ludwig van Beethoven

[1]-[10] Complete incidental music to Egmont, op.84

Franz Schubert

[11]-[12] Symphony No. 8 in B minor, D579 ""Unfinished""*

Pilar Lorengar soprano

Klausjuergen Wussow narrator

George Szell

Josef Krips*

CD 20

Franz Schubert

[1]-[11] Rosamunde, Furstin von Zypern, D797

Carl Maria von Weber

[12] Preciosa - Overture, op.78

Robert Schumann

[13] Genoveva - Overture, op.81

Luigi Cherubini

Anacreon — Overture

Rohangiz Yachmi contralto

Wiener Staatsopernchor

Chorus master: Norbert Balatsch

Karl Munchinger

CD 21

Franz Schubert

[1]-[4] Symphony No.9 in C major, ""Great"", D944

Felix Mendelssohn

[5]-[8] Symphony No.4 in A major, op.90 ""Italian""

Sir Georg Solti

CD 22

Felix Mendelssohn

[1]-[4] Symphony No.3 in A minor, op.56 ""Scottish""

[5]-[6] Athalie, op. 74

[7]-[13] Die erste Walpurgisnacht, op.60

Margarita Lilowa mezzo-soprano

Horst Laubenthal tenor

Tom Krause baritone

Alfred Sramek bass

Wiener Singverein

Chorus master: Helmut Froschauer

Christoph von Dohnanyi

CD 23

Robert Schumann

[1]-[3] Overture, Scherzo and Finale, op.52

[4]-[6] Symphony No.1 in B flat major, op.38 ""Spring""

[8]-[11] Symphony No.2 in C major, op.61

Sir Georg Solti

CD 24

Johannes Brahms

[1]-[4] Symphony No.1 in C minor, op.68

[5] Tragic Overture, op.81

Richard Wagner

[6] Parsifal - Prelude (Act One)

Zubin Mehta

CD 25

Johannes Brahms

[1]-[4] Symphony No.2 in D major, op.73

[5]-[8] Piano Concerto No.2 in B flat major, op.83

Wilhelm Backhaus

Carl Schuricht

CD 26

Johannes Brahms

[1]-[4] Symphony No.3 in F major, op.90

Richard Strauss

[5]-[8] Vier letzte Lieder, AV150

Carl Maria von Weber

[9] Peter Schmoll und seine Nachbarn — Overture, J8

[10] Preciosa — Overture, J279

[11] Oberon — Overture, J306

Lisa Della Casa soprano

Karl Bohm

CD 27

Johannes Brahms

[1]-[4] Symphony No.4 in E minor, op.98

[5]-[14] Variations on a Theme by Joseph Haydn, op.56a*

Franz Schubert

[15]-[18] Symphony No.5 in B flat major, D845

Istvan Kertesz

*Following Kertesz’s death on 16 April 1973 this was completed without a conductor on 14 May 1973

CD 28

Johannes Brahms

[1]-[8] Hungarian Dances

Antonin Dvorak

[9]-[13] Slavonic Dances

Richard Strauss

[14] Till Eulenspiegels lustige Streiche, op.28

[15] Tod und Verklarung, op.24

Fritz Reiner

CD 29

Bedrich Smetana

[1]-[6] Ma vlast

Rafael Kubelik

CD 30

Antonin Dvorak

[1]-[8] Symphony No.9 in E minor, op.95 “From the New World”

Istvan Kertesz

Kirill Kondrashin [5]-[8]

CD 31

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.2 in C minor (1872 Haas edition)

Carl Maria von Weber

[5] Euryanthe — Overture, J291

[6] Aufforderung zum Tanz, Op.65, J260 - Invitation to the Dance

Horst Stein

CD 32

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.3 in D minor (1889 version; ed. Nowak)

Karl Bohm CD 33

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.4 in E flat major ""Romantic""

Karl Bohm

CD 34

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.5 in B flat major

Lorin Maazel

CD 35

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.6 in A major

Carl Maria von Weber

[5] Der Beherrscher der Geister - Overture, J122 - The Ruler of the Spirits

[6] Abu Hassan - Overture, J106

Horst Stein

CD 36

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.7 in E major (Nowak edition)

Sir Georg Solti

CD 37

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[4] Symphony No.8 in C minor (Nowak edition)

Sir Georg Solti

CD 38

Anton Bruckner

[1]-[3] Symphony No.9 in D minor

Franz Liszt

[4] Les Preludes, S.97

Zubin Mehta

CD 39

Franz Schmidt

[1]-[4] Symphony No.4 in C major

Gottfired von Einem

[5]-[7] Philadelphia Symphony, op.28

Zubin Mehta

CD 40

Jean Sibelius

[1]-[4] Symphony No.4 in A minor, op.63

[5] Symphony No.7 in C major, op.105

[7] Tapiola, op.112

Lorin Maazel

CD 41

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

[1]-[4] Symphony No. 4 in F minor, op.36

[5]-[8] Suite No.3 in G major, op.55

Lorin Maazel

CD 42

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

[1]-[6] Swan Lake - Suite

[7]-[14] The Nutcracker - Suite

[15]-[19] Sleeping Beauty - Suite

Herbert von Karajan

CD 43

Adolphe Adam

[1]-[19] Giselle

Johann Struass II

[20] Die Fledermaus - ballet music

Giuseppe Verdi

[21] Otello

Herbert von Karajan

CD 44

Vienna Holiday

Johann Strauss I

[1] Radetzky-Marsch, op.228

Karel Komzak

[2] Bad’ner Madl’n – Walzer, op.257

Johann Strauss I

[3] Annen-Polka, op.117

Johann Strauss II

[4] Accelerationen – Walzer, op.234

[5] Tritsch-Tratsch-Polka, op.214

Carl Michael Ziehrer

[6] Wiener Burger — Walzer, op.419

Johann Strauss II

[7] Leichtes Blut — Polka schnell, op.319

[8] Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald – Walzer, op.325 (Tales from the Vienna Woods)

Bonus tracks:

Franz Schubert

[9] March militaire, op.51 no.1 (arr.Weninger)

Carl Maria von Weber

[10] Aufforderung zum Tanz, op.65, J260 (Invitation to the Dance)

Otto Nicolai

[11] Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor — Ouverture (The Merry Wives of Windsor)

Hans Knappertsbusch

CD 45

""New Year"" Concert

Josef Strauss

[1] Mein Lebenslauf ist Lieb und Lust - Walzer, op.263

[2] Die Libelle ? The Dragonfly - Polka mazur, op.204

[3] Jokey - Polka, op.278

Johann Strauss II

[4] Im Krapfenwaldl - Polka francaise, op.236

Josef Strauss

[5] Eljen a Magyar! - Polka, op.332

Johann Strauss II

[6] Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald – Walzer, op.325 (Tales from the Vienna Woods)

[7] Pizzicato-Polka — Polka francaise (with Josef Strauss)

[8] Agyptischer Marsch, op.335 (Egyptian March)

[9] Vergnugungszug, op.281 (Train Polka)

Bonus tracks:

Josef Strauss

[10] Dorfschwalben aus Osterreich — Walzer, op.164* (Village Swallows from Austria)

Johann Strauss II

[11] Accelerationen – Walzer, op.234*

[12] Kaiserwalzer, op.43*

[13] Rosen aus dem Suden, op.388*

[14] Fruhlingsstimmen — Walzer, op.410* (Voices of spring)

Hilde Gueden soprano

Clemens Krauss

Josef Krips* CD 46

Overtures of Old Vienna

Johann Strauss II

[1] Die Fledermaus - Ouverture

Otto Nicolai

[2] Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor — Ouverture (The Merry Wives of Windsor)

Emil Nicolaus von Reznicek

[3] Donna Diana — Ouverture

Johann Strauss II

[4] Prinz Methusalem - Ouverture

Richard Heuberger

[5] Der Opernball - Ouverture

Bonus tracks:

Franz Lehar

[6] Gold- und Silberwalzer, op.79 (Gold and Silver Waltz)

Johann Strauss II

[7] Waldmeister - Ouverture

[8] Morgenblatter, op.279 (Morning papers)

[9] Unter Donner und Blitz, op.324 (Thunder and Lightning)

[10] Erinnerung an Covent Garden — Walzer, op.329

[11] Der Carnaval in Rom — Overture

Josef Strauss

[12] Rudolfsheimer — Polka schnell, op.152

Johann, Josef and Eduard Strauss

[13] Schutzen-Quadrille

Willi Boskovsky

CD 47

Johann Stauss II

[1] Champagner-Polka, op.211

[2] Wiener Blut, op.354

[3] Neue Pizzicato-Polka, op.449

[4] Liebeslieder, op.114

Josef Strauss

[5] Heiterer Muth — Polka francaise, op.281

Johann Strauss II

[6] Explosionen (Explosions) Polka, op汽車貸款率利最低銀行.43 (arr. Max Schonherr)

[7] Wiener Bonbons, op.307

[8] Persischer Marsch, op.289

[9] Waldmeister - Ouverture

Bonus tracks:

[10] Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald – Walzer, op.325 (Tales from the Vienna Woods)

[11] Agyptischer Marsch, op.335

[12] Tritsch-Tratsch-Polka, op.214

[13] Tausend und eine Nacht, - Walzer, op.346 (Thousand and one nights)

[14] Perpetuum mobile - Musikalischer Scherz, op. 257

[15] Kaiserwalzer, op.437 (Emperor Waltz) (arr. Max Schonherr)

Willi Boskovsky

CD 48

New Year’s Day Concert 1979

Neujahrskonzert in Wien

Johann Strauss I

[1] Loreley-Rhein-Klange - Walzer, op.154

Johann Strauss II

[2] Bitte schon! - Polka francaise (after motifs from Cagliostro in Wien, op.372)

Eduard Strauss

[3] Ohne Bremse - Polka schnell, op.238

Johann Strauss II

[4] Wein, Weib und Gesang - Walzer, op.333 (Wine, woman and song)

Josef Strauss

[5] Emancipierte - Polka mazur, op.282

Carl Michael Ziehrer

[6] Hereinspaziert, op.518

Franz von Suppe

[7] Overture: Die schone Galathee

Johann Strauss II

[8] Bei uns z’Haus - Walzer, op.381

Josef Strauss

[9] Moulinet - Polka francaise, op.57

Johann Strauss II

[10] Tik-Tak - Polka schnell, op.365 (from Die Fledermaus)

[11] Pizzicato-Polka (with Josef Strauss)

Josef Strauss

[12] Rudolfsheimer - Polka schnell, op.152

Johann Strauss II

[13] Auf der Jagd - Polka schnell, op.373

[14] Leichtes Blut - Polka schnell, op.319

[15] An der schonen blauen Donau, op.314 (On the beautiful blue Danube)

Johann Strauss I

[16] Radetzky-Marsch, op.228

Willi Boskovsky

CD 49

Giuseppe Verdi

[1]-[19) Requiem

Joan Sutherland soprano

Marilyn Horne contralto

Luciano Pavarotti tenor

Martti Talvela bass

Wiener Staatsopernchor

Sir Georg Solti

CD 50

Richard Wagner

[1] Rienzi — Overture

[2] Der fliegende Hollander — Overture

[3] Tannhauser — Overture

[4] Tannhauser — Bacchanale*

[5] Siegfried Idylla

[6] Kinderkatechismuso

[7] Gotterdammerung — Trauermarsch (Siegfried’s Funeral March (concert version))

Singverein der Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde*

Wiener Sangerknabeno

Members of the Wiener Philharmonikera

Leader: Walter Weller

Sir Georg Solti

CD 51

Richard Wagner

[1]-[5] Wesendonk-Lieder

[6] Einsam in truben Tagen Lohengrin

[7] Ich sah das Kind an seiner Mutter Brust Parsifal

[8] Du bist der Lenz Die Walkure

Gustav Mahler

[9]-[13] Kindertotenlieder

[14]-[17] Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen

Kirsten Flagstad soprano

Sir Adrian Boult (Mahler)

Hans Knappertsbusch (Wagner) CD 52

Gustav Mahler

[1]-[9] Symphony No.2 in C minor ""Resurrection""

Ileana Cotrubas soprano

Christa Ludwig contralto

Wiener Staatsopernchor

Zubin Mehta

CD 53

Gustav Mahler

[1]-[6] Das Lied von der Erde

[7]-[9] Ruckert-Lieder

Kathleen Ferrier contralto

Julius Patzak tenor

Bruno Walter

CD 54

Gustav Mahler

[1]-[6] Das Lied von der Erde

James King tenor

Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau baritone

Leonard Bernstein

CD 55

Gustav Holst

[1]-[7] The Planets, H125

Richard Strauss

[8]-[16] Also sprach Zarathustra, op.30

Damen des Wiener Staatsopernchors

Herbert von Karajan

CD 56

Richard Strauss

[1]-[12] Don Quixote, op.35

[13]-[16] Aus Italien, op.16

Pierre Fournier cello

Ernst Moraweg viola

Clemens Krauss

CD 57

Richard Strauss

[1]-[7] Sinfonia domestica, op.53

[8]-[16] Le Bourgeois gentilhomme - Suite, op.60

Clemens Krauss

CD 58

Richard Strauss

[1]-[6] Ein Heldenleben, op.40

[7]-[10] Vier letzte Lieder, AV150

Kiri Te Kanawa soprano

Sir Georg Solti

CD 59

Antonin Dvorak

[1]-[3] Piano Concerto in G minor, op.33, B63

Bela Bartok

[4]-[5] Two Portraits, op.5, Sz37

[6]-[16] The Miraculous Mandarin, Sz73 (complete ballet)

Erich Binder violin

Andras Schiff piano

Chor der Wiener Staatsoper

Chorus master: Helmut Froschauer

Christoph von Dohnanyi

CD 60

Arnold Schoenberg

[1]-[6] 6 Orchester-Lieder, op.8

Alban Berg

[7]-[11] Symphonic Pieces from the opera Lulu (Lulu Suite)

Richard Strauss

[12] Salome, op.54 - Schlusszene ? Final scene

Anja Silja soprano

Christoph von Dohnanyi

CD 61

Leos Janacek

[1]-[5] Sinfonietta

[6]-[8] Taras Bulba

[9]-[10] Orchestral Suite (from The Cunning Little Vixen, arr. Vaclav Talich)

Sir Charles Mackerras

CD 62

Leos Janacek

[1]-[8] Msa glagolskaja (Glagolitic Mass)

Alexander Zemlinsky

[9] Psalm 23

Erich Wolfgang Korngold

[10] Passover Psalm, op.30

Eva Urbanova soprano

Marta Benackova mezzo-soprano

Vladimir Bogachov tenor

Richard Novak bass

Thomas Trotter organ

Slovak Philharmonic Choir

Riccardo Chailly

CD 63

Aram Khachaturian

[1]-[4] Spartacus - excerpts

[5]-[9] Gayaneh - excerpts

Johann Strauss II

[10]-[22] Kadettenball ? Graduation Ball* (arr. Antal Dorati)

Aram Khachaturian

Antal Dorati*

CD 64

Zoltan Kodaly

[1] Variations on a Hungarian Folk Song - “Felszallot a pava” (The Peacock)

Boris Blacher

[2] Variations on a theme of Paganini, op.26

Edward Elgar

[3]-[17] Variations on an Original Theme, op.36 “Enigma”

Sir Georg Solti

BONUS CD

Aram Khachaturian

[1]-[4] Symphony No.2

Kurt Leimer

[5] Piano Concert No. 4*

Kurt Leimer piano

Aram Khachaturian

Robert Wagner*

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